我国蛋鸡养殖环境全要素生产率测度及省域比较分析

［目的］蛋鸡养殖场规模化养殖与生态环境保护协调发展问题是蛋鸡养殖业可持续发展过程中面临的关键性问题，测度我国大、中、小3种规模下不同省份蛋鸡养殖场的环境全要素生产率，并从时间、地区两个维度对蛋鸡养殖场的环境全要素生产率进行比较。［方法］利用2004—2016年不同养殖规模蛋鸡养殖场的投入和产出数据，文章基于SBM函数的Malmquist Luengerber（ML）指数方法，对蛋鸡养殖场环境全要素生产率进行分解，将其分解为技术进步指数、效率改进指数。［结果］（1）蛋鸡养殖场环境全要素生产率整体呈现下降趋势，同时与蛋鸡养殖规模呈反比，蛋鸡养殖场规模越大，蛋鸡养殖环境生产率越小。（2）蛋鸡养殖场效率存在效率改善，但养殖技术进步率相对较低，尤其是对小规模养殖场而言，改善空间更明显； （3）蛋鸡养殖环境全要素生产率区域差异较为明显，整体来看，蛋鸡养殖主产区环境全要素生产率高于非主产区。［结论］加强蛋鸡产业科技创新水平以及公共服务设施的投入，提高养殖户的废弃物无害化处理能力，推行蛋鸡养殖的规模化和标准化发展，进一步改善养殖效率，以促进蛋鸡养殖规模化和生态环境保护协调发展。     

Operational efficiency analysis of Beijing multi-airport terminal airspace

Multi-airport systems are growing in number and size globally, despite being afflicted by known inefficiencies due to the interferences between the flows of neighbouring airports. A macroscopic empirical approach is proposed in this paper to estimate the capacity penalties and demonstrated by a numerical case study for Beijing, which is projected to become one of the busiest metroplexes in Asia. The Pareto envelopes of the theoretical and observed peak hour capacities are statistically analysed to quantify the penalties in a comparable metroplex and are subsequently modulated by a sigmoid correlation function. The analysis predicts the practical capacity of Daxing, the penalty incurred by the pre-existing Capital airport and by the total multi-airport system. Various findings are drawn and discussed, highlighting the needs for further research.     

环境检测报告质量的提升策略分析

环境检测工作对于环境保护具有重要影响,这要求全社会稳步提升对于环境检测工作的认识水平,积极地参与相关工作实践,为环境保护提供可靠的参考依据。论文重点分析了环境检测报告质量的提升策略,结合提升环境检测报告质量的意义,提出对应的方案,以期推动环境检测报告的质量提升至新的高度。     

筏板基础下碎石桩改良软土地基性能的数值研究

为解决传统碎石桩加固软土地基研究中忽视碎石桩侧向膨胀的问题,在对筏板基础下碎石桩排水荷载条件下加固软土地基的性能进行评估的基础上,利用PLAXIS 3D数值模拟方法研究了桩间距、直径和桩长等参数对筏板基础长期性能的影响,同时分析了各参数对筏板基础整体沉降、弯矩和碎石桩侧胀的影响。结果表明：1）软土中碎石桩的存在显著降低了筏板基础的沉降和弯矩;2）碎石桩的侧向胀形分布取决于其位置的深度;3）筏板基础的沉降、弯矩和侧向胀形随着间距与桩径比的减小、面积置换率和碎石桩长度的增加而增加;4）采用长厚比为0.75的碎石桩加固软土,可以达到良好的加固效果。研究结果对于全面了解筏板基础下碎石桩改良软土的侧胀性状具有重要意义,对于今后类似工程加固设计具有参考借鉴价值。     

The Evolution of Human Sigma

Different quality management concepts, including Six Sigma, have been applied by many different types of organizations. Although much important work has been documented regarding Six Sigma, a number of questions remain concerning the applicability of these concepts in various organizations and contexts. Currently, limited research has been conducted on the Human Sigma approach. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyse the principles and philosophies of Human Sigma and its relationship to Six Sigma through a systematic review of the literature. It is suggested that this in turn will lead to a better understanding of the Human Sigma approach and ultimately bridge the gap in the literature. Therefore, the paper argues that much can be learned from the principles and practices of Six Sigma, however the discussion further provides an assessment of the Human Sigma principles and their potential suitability to tourism businesses. In particular, specific similarities and differences concerning areas such as methodologies, tools, and results are presented in this article.     

基于限制因素组合序列的耕地质量提升潜力研究*——以什邡市为例

[目的]通过分析什邡市耕地质量现状,充分把握影响耕地质量的主导因素并进行质量提升分区,测算不同质量提升区的提升潜力,以期为全市耕地质量的建设与发展指明方向。[方法]依据农用地分等理论,构建2014年什邡市耕地质量限制性指数评价体系,采用限制性指数模型测算耕地质量限制性指数,结合因素组合法、耕地质量潜力测算法,分别进行耕地质量提升分区及其提升潜力评价。[结果]什邡市耕地质量现状差异显著,地域分布特征明显;因素限制程度以中限制为主,多因素共同主导限制耕地比重大;各质量分区限制特征明显,各区耕地质量提升潜力在时序上和空间上也存在差异。高等别耕地集中分布于南部平原,受土壤酸碱度中等限制和剖面构型高程度限制为主;北部丘陵区以及南部河谷低洼地带主要为低等别耕地,表现为坡度与灌溉因素较高程度限制为主;综合提升潜力较大的耕地集中于北部丘陵区与南部河谷低洼地带。[结论]什邡市范围内耕地质量差异明显,存在普遍限制且分区限制特征明显,各区提升潜力空间差异明显。     

Forecast quality improvement with Action Research: A success story at PharmaCo

There is a gap in the forecasting research surrounding the theory of integrating and improving forecasting in practice. The number of academically affiliated consultancies and knowledge transfer projects that there are around, due to a need for improvements in forecast quality, would suggest that many interventions and actions are taking place. However, the problems that surround practitioner understanding, learning and usage are rarely documented. This article takes the first step toward trying to rectify this situation by using the specific case study of a fully engaged company. A successful action research intervention in the Production Planning and Control work unit improved the use and understanding of the forecast function, contributing to substantial savings, enhanced communication and improved working practices.     

Target‐Setting,Pay for Performance,and Quality Improvement: A Case Study of Ontario Hospitals’ Quality‐Improvement Plans

This study examines whether difficult targets and quality indicators in executives' pay‐for‐performance (P4P) plans affect performance. The impact of target‐setting and P4P plans on quality improvement in the public sector is unclear. The Ontario government initiated the Quality Improvement Plan (QIP), which requires hospitals to set targets for quality indicators annually and link executive pay to target achievement since 2011. Analyzing Health Quality Ontario's database and hospitals' 2012–2013 QIPs, this study shows greater quality improvement in hospitals with difficult targets than hospitals with easy targets or without assigned targets; however, the positive impact disappears for high‐performance hospitals relative to their peers. We find no significant effect of the use of quality indicators in executives' P4P plans on quality improvement. Copyright © 2018 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

How collaborative routines improve dynamic innovation capability and performance in tourism industry? A path-dependent learning model

Current results of direct relationships between collaboration and innovation capability on performance in tourism contexts are inconsistent. This research is to uncover roles of collaborative routines on promoting relationships between internal and service innovation capabilities as two distinct mechanisms, and performance. The study also examines the contingent effect of knowledge search on performance. Survey data from 181 samples from the Thai tourism industry are gathered for analyses. Findings demonstrate that knowledge search and internal innovation capability have a direct impact on performance, whereas the effect of service innovation capability on performance is significant only in the presence of collaborative routines.     

论我国大气污染生态补偿法律机制的完善

大气污染生态补偿法律机制对于促进区域大气污染联合治理、实现大气污染治理法律正义、创新与完善生态补偿法律机制等具有重要意义。我国现有法律法规就大气污染生态补偿进行了原则性规定,特别是山东、陕西、湖北等地方性法规更是对大气污染生态补偿进行了探索性规范,为大气污染生态补偿法律机制完善提供了有益经验。但从总体来看,我国大气污染生态补偿法律机制尚存在缺乏专门法律支撑、生态补偿主体过窄、补偿方式单一、补偿标准不合理、法律责任不完善等问题。为促进生态文明战略与强化大气污染生态补偿的法律保障,我国应以科学理念为指导,采取有效措施推进大气污染生态补偿法律机制完善。